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The Property And Application of Boron Carbide Powder

Boron carbide The organic material B4C is also called black diamond. This substance, which usually comes in the form of gray-black nanopowder, has a formula molecular. Boron carbide ranks third in the world’s hardest materials, alongside diamond and cubic boron oxide.

Boron Carbide: Its Properties

Boron carbide has high chemical potential. It is also resistant to wear and has semiconductor conductivity. It is one of most stable substances for acid, and stable in any concentrated or diluted acid or alkali solutions. Boron carbide remains stable in air below 800degC.
The hardness is lower for boron carbide than it is for industrial diamonds, but higher than the silicon carbide. Boron carbide is less fragile than most pottery. Boron carbide resists corrosion by hot hydrogenfluoride, nitric and other acids. It is soluble with molten alkali but insoluble with water and acid.

Boron Carbide: Its Application

Control nuclear fission
Boron carbide absorbs a large amount of neutrons while forming no radioactive isotopes. This makes it an ideal neutron absorption material in nuclear power stations. The neutron absorption material is also used to control nuclear fission. In the nuclear reactor sector, the main form of Boron carbide used is a controllable bar. But sometimes it can also be made as a powder due to the increased surface area.

During Chernobyl’s nuclear accident, Russia dropped sand and nearly 2,000 tonnes of boron-carbide, which stopped the chain reactions in the reactor.

Abrasive material
The boron carbide is a material that has been in use as an abrasive for a very long time. Due to its high melting point it is difficult for it to be cast in artificial products. However it can be processed by melting the powder at a high temperature into simple shapes. It is used for grinding and polishing of hard materials, such as gemstones and cemented-carbide.

Coating paint
Boron carbide may also be used to coat warships or helicopters. It is light weight and resistant to armor-piercing bullets.

Nozzle
It is used in the manufacture of gun nozzles for the munitions sector. Boron carbide has a high wear resistance and is resistant to acids and alkalis. It can also withstand high pressures and temperatures.

Due to its high hardness and wear resistance, the boron-carbide sandblasting needle will gradually replace sandblasting tools made of silicon carbide/tungsten and cemented carbide/tungsten and silicon nitride.

Other
Boron carbide also is used in the production of metal borides as well as smelting sodium-boron, boron alloys and special welding.

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Boron carbide The organic material B4C is also called black diamond. This substance, which usually comes in the form of gray-black nanopowder, has a formula […]

Cuprous oxide is one of the two stable oxides of copper

Overview of cuprous oxide Cuprous oxide, the chemical formula is Cu2O, is monovalent copper oxide, a bright red powder solid, almost insoluble in water, in acidic solution disproportionation into copper and copper elemental, in the wet air gradually oxidized into black copper oxide. Cuprous oxide is mainly used in the manufacture of ship bottom antifouling paint (used to kill lower Marine animals), insecticides, and various copper salts, analytical reagents, red glass, but also used in the preparation of copper plating and copper plating alloy solution.
It is disproportionated to copper in an acidic solution, indicating that the stability of copper ions in the solution is greater than that of copper ions. For example, cuprous oxide reacts with sulfuric acid to produce copper sulfate and copper.
Cu2O + H2SO4 – CuSO4 + Cu + H2O
Cuprous oxide reacts with nitric acid to form copper nitrate, nitric oxide and water
3Cu2O + 14HNO3(dilute)- 6Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO| + 7H2O
Cuprous oxide reacts with ammonia water and hydrogen halide acid to form complex and does not disproportionate into divalent copper and copper
Soluble in concentrated ammonia solution to form the colorless complex [Cu(NH3)2]+ (copper (I) ammonia ion), which is oxidized in the air to the blue [Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2]2+ (copper (II) hydrate ammonia ion)
Curious oxide soluble in hydrochloric acid to form HCUCL 2 (cuprous chloride complex), also soluble in sulfuric acid and nitric acid respectively form copper sulfate and copper nitrate.

What does cuprous oxide do?
Cuprous oxide is used as a pigment in ceramics to produce blue, red and green, and sometimes grey, pink or black glazes.
It was also mistakenly used as a dietary supplement in animal feed.
Due to low biological activity, the absorbable copper is negligible. It is also used for welding with copper alloys. Cuprous oxide is also used to make ship bottom antifouling paint (to kill lower Marine animals).
Used as bactericide, ceramic and enamel coloring agent, red glass dyeing agent, also used in the manufacture of various copper salts, analytical reagents and used in the electrical industry in the rectification electroplating, crop fungicide and rectifier materials. Cuprous oxide is also commonly used as a catalyst for organic synthesis.

Is cuprous oxide dangerous?
Toxic when swallowed. Skin can be harmful if absorbed through the skin. May cause skin irritation. Eye irritation may occur.
Acute toxicity: LD50:470mg /kg in mice; The abdominal meridian of mice was LD50:380 mg/kg; When the dust content of this product in the air reaches 0.22 ~ 14mg/m3, it will cause acute poisoning after working for 1 ~ 2h, which is manifested as headache, weakness, pharynx and conjunctiva redness, nausea, muscle pain, sometimes vomiting and diarrhea, fatigue, and elevated body temperature. After a day, the body temperature may return to normal, but weakness, headache, dizziness, rapid pulse count, and lymphocytosis remain. The gastric lavage with a certain concentration of K4[Fe(CN)6] solution and the taking of milk and other measures were taken for the acutely infected patients. The maximum allowable concentration in the air is 0.1mg/m3. You can wear a mask, dustproof glasses, wear protective work clothes, and take a shower after work.
Chronic poisoning is: the local skin, hair and conjunctiva of the workers who contact copper compounds sometimes become light yellow or black green, and there is dark red or magenta edge on the gingival. Irritating to the skin, dust irritates the eyes and causes corneal ulcers.
What’s the difference between CuO and Cu2O?
Cu2O is obtained by oxidizing the copper metal or by reducing a solution of copper (II) with sulfur oxide, while CuO is obtained by pyrometallurgical methods used to extract copper from ore. Many wood preservatives are made from copper. It is also used as a pigment to make different glazes.

How is cuprous oxide formed?
Usually, the direct oxidation method of metal copper: the metal copper is suspended in the vertical tubular electric furnace with platinum wire, in the nitrogen atmosphere containing 1%(volume fraction) oxygen, heated at 1000 for 24h to get cuprous oxide. Or the chemical calculation of metal copper and copper oxide mixture is closed in a vacuum tube, heated at 1000 for 5h to make its reaction to getting cuprous oxide. The order of forming oxide phase from copper through thermal oxidation is as follows: Cu-Cu + Cu2O-Cu2O-Cu2O + CuO-CuO. In addition, the formation of pure Cu2O occurs at about 200degC, while the formation of CuO begins at 300degC to 1000degC.
Cuprous oxide can also be produced by the dry process.
Dry method: The copper powder is mixed with copper oxide after impurity removal, and then sent into the calcining furnace to be heated to 800~900degC to be calcined into cuprous oxide. After taking it out, use a magnet to remove mechanical impurities, and then pulverize to 325 mesh. If copper sulfate is used as the raw material, first use an iron to reduce the copper in the copper sulfate. The subsequent reaction steps are the same as the method using copper powder as the raw material.

Why is cuprous oxide red?
Red copper is a reduced form of ordinary black copper oxide (CuO).In normal oxidizing roasting, it will be converted to the copper oxide form (CuO), which produces the normal green color in the glaze and glass. If reduced and sintered, it will retain its Cu2O structure to produce the typical copper-red color.

Aminopolysiloxane as Cu2O Photocathode Overlayer: Photocorrosion Inhibitor and Low Overpotential CO2-to-formate Selectivity Promoter
Photo-active P-type semiconductor based on Earth-rich elements represents photoactive P-type semiconductor of photoelectrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (PEC CO2RR). However, although light absorption and appropriate conduction edge energy, rapidly performs photo corrosion under PEC CO 2RR conditions. Here, the amine-functionalized polysiloxane (AF-PSI) is evaluated by the amine-CO2 adduct, and the amine-functionalized polysiloxane (AF-PSI) is evaluated as a protective layer and a PEC CE2RR promoter. Electrochemical experiments and X-ray diffraction indicate that light stability is significantly improved by AF-PSI cover. Electrolysis experiments under visible light illumination showed that the feed efficiency of the feed was 61% of the preferred production of 61%. Detailed in situ FTIR studies have shown that the amine group is combined with CO2 to form a urethane substance, and the method is to confirm the double effect of the AF-PSI layer by the favored cathode polarization.

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Overview of cuprous oxide Cuprous oxide, the chemical formula is Cu2O, is monovalent copper oxide, a bright red powder solid, almost insoluble in water, in […]

Basic Properties, Synthesis and Typical Properties of Boron Carbide

What is Boron Carbide?

Boron Carbide Powder belongs to the trigonal system. The unit cell contains 12 B and 3 C. The unit cell’s stereo diagonally connected C atoms are in an active configuration. They can be substituted by B atoms, forming a replacement solution.

B4C powder is very hard and has a high grinding efficiency. It can grind up to 60%-70% more efficiently than diamond.

B4C Powder has a melting temperature of 2450°C (decomposition). The coefficient for expansion at 1000degC (4.5×10-6degC-1) is 4.5×10-6degC-1. The thermal conductivity of B4C powder is 121.4W/m*k when it’s 100degC, and 62.79W/m*k when it’s 700degC. Hot-pressed products of B4C are used for wear-resistant and temperature-resistant parts. B4C powder is primarily used in the refractory industries as an anti-oxidant additive. Unshaped materials enhance the strength and resistance to corrosion of the body.

The properties of Boron Carbide and their Synthesis

B4C powder is synthesized in industry by reducing boron ahydride with excess Carbon:

2B2O3+7C-B4+6CO|

The synthesis reaction may be carried out either in an electric arc or a muffle oven. In a resistance-type furnace, the mixtures of boron hydride B2O3 with carbon C are heated to a lower decomposition temperature than B4C. This is an effective way to synthesize B4C. B4C is broken down into boron and carbon rich phase in the electric-arc furnace because of the high temperature. The reaction product may contain a lot of free C (20%-30%). As a result, the B4C obtained is of slightly inferior quality.

In order to synthesize B4C using an electric arc, boric acids (with a content greater than 92%), artificial graphite with a fixed carbon of greater than 95%, and petroleum coke with 85% fixed carbon are used. The theoretical dosage is calculated based on the reaction formula. The theoretical amount is 2% higher. Each of artificial graphite and petroleum coke accounts for 50% of total carbon addition, which is 3%-4% more than the theoretical amount. Add the three prepared raw materials to the arc and mix them in a ball-mill. B4C can then be obtained by carbonizing the furnace and reducing it between 1700-2300. Finaly, the frit will be sorted and cleaned, crushed, pulverized, pickled and sedimented to get B4C with different particle sizes.

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What is Boron Carbide? Boron Carbide Powder belongs to the trigonal system. The unit cell contains 12 B and 3 C. The unit cell’s stereo […]

The Property And Preparation of Boron Nitride Powder

Boron nitride The powder is white and is a crystal made up of nitrogen atoms. The chemical composition of the powder is a mixture of boron and nitrogen (43.6%). There are four types: hexagonal Boron Nitride (HBN), Rhombohedral Boron Nitride (RBN), Cubic boron Nitride (CBN), or wurtzite Nitro Boron (WBN).

What property does boron nitride have?

Boron Nitride Powder is resistant against chemical corrosion. It is also not affected by water or mineral acids. The boron and nitrogen bond is broken by hot concentrated alkali. The air temperature above 1200degC causes the nitride to begin oxidizing. It melts at 3000degC and begins to sublime slightly below 3000degC. Decomposition begins in vacuum around 2700degC. Boron Nitride Powder is slightly soluble when heated acid is used, but insoluble with cold water.
Carbon materials are inferior in terms of most properties to boron carbide. For hexagonal Boron Nitride: Low friction coefficient, Good high temperature stability and Thermal shock Resistance, High Strength, High Thermal Conductivity, Low Expansion Coefficient, High Resistivity, Corrosion resistance, Microwave or Transparent Infrared.

What are the different methods of preparation for boron nitride?

The boron-nitride is commonly produced as a powder with a structure similar to graphite, also known as white graphite. The second is diamond type. Similar to the conversion of graphite to a diamond, graphite boron-nitride powder can be converted into diamond boron-nitride powder under high temperature and pressure.

High Temperature and High Pressure Synthesis
Wentorf produced cubic BN first in 1957. The cubic boron nitride can be directly converted from pure hexagonal boron nitride, HBN, when the pressure and temperature are high enough. Subsequently it was found that the use catalysts can reduce the transition pressure and temperature. The high cost of preparation and the complexity of equipment limit its industrial use.

Chemical vapor synthesis
Sokolowski was the first to use pulsed-plasma technology in 1979 for preparing cubic boron (CBN), at low temperature, and under low pressure. Equipment is simple, and the process can be easily realized.

Technology for carbothermic synthesis
The method is based on using boric acid, a raw material, as an additive to silicon carbide. Ammonia nitriding then produces boron oxide. The resultant product has a high purity, and is a valuable material for composite materials.

Ion beamsputtering
The mixed product is made using particle beam deposition. It is possible to achieve a product with a morphology that is controlled, even though this method contains fewer impurities.

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Boron nitride The powder is white and is a crystal made up of nitrogen atoms. The chemical composition of the powder is a mixture of […]

Application of 3D printing technology in the medical industry

The 3D printing industry has been a leading high-tech in the last few years. As well as being widely used to protect ancient cultural relics in aerospace, manufacturing and other fields, the 3D-printing technology is continuously released in medical industry. Its value alone has an unlimited market. Here are the details:
Medical models and surgical guides can be customized using 3D printed medical models

To create a medical model, you can perform three-dimensional modelling based on CT or MRI images of the patient before the operation. You then print out the model using a 3-D printer. The main function is that the 3D printed model allows the doctor to view the three-dimensional site of surgery before the operation. It helps the doctor plan their surgical plan. This is especially useful for complex surgeries as it reduces the risks and increases the success rates.

Applications of 3D Printing in Dentistry

Dental clinics, laboratories and dentists need to take into consideration the cost of dental restorations and treatments. To improve efficiency and lower costs, many forward-thinking dental clinics have adopted digital dental technology. Recently, software-based dental restorations have gained popularity. Digital dental technology coupled with 3D printing offers high precision and efficiency at a low cost.

Applications of 3D Printing in Medical Device Manufacturing

The manufacturing of medical devices is similar to other products. For the verification of design, prototypes must be produced during the product development stage. The metal 3D-printing technology has the ability to perform complex surgical device production tasks. In order to repair an anterior cruciate knee ligament injury, the doctor first has to remove any remaining anterior ligament and then precisely replace the graft. In order to achieve accuracy and minimize invasiveness, doctors must use a sophisticated and specialized surgical tool. This nickel-chromium alloy is a hard-to-process metal. Traditional machining is required to make the tool, and this takes time and costs a lot. In this situation, metal 3D-printing technology is a better option for manufacturing.

Use of 3D printing for manufacturing medicines

Three-dimensional printing has an impact on pharmaceuticals in four ways: first, it allows for personalized customization of active ingredients; second, it allows patients to have personalized treatment plans. This layer-bylayer printing technique allows different coatings be tightly combined together so that a patient can take a smaller tablet or the maximum amount of a substance. 3D-printing technology can be used to create various shapes that are appealing to children who do not like taking medicine.

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The 3D printing industry has been a leading high-tech in the last few years. As well as being widely used to protect ancient cultural relics […]

The Properties And Application of Graphene oxide

What is Graphene Oxide?
The oxide graphene is known as graphene oxide. It is usually abbreviated GO. The color of the oxide is brown-yellow. Common products available on the market include powder, flake, and solution. Its properties become more active after being oxidized because the functional groups containing oxygen are increased.

Graphene flakes are made from graphite powder, which has been chemically oxidized and exfoliated. Graphene is an atomic-thick layer that can expand up to tens or microns in size. Graphene oxide’s structure spans the usual scales in general chemistry and material science. Graphene is a soft material that has the properties of colloids, polymers and films. Due to its excellent dispersibility in liquids, graphene has long been considered a hydrophilic compound. Graphene oxide, according to relevant experiments, is actually amphiphilic. It shows hydrophilicity along the graphene sheet’s edge, and hydrophobic properties in the center. The graphene-oxide layer can be used at the interface as a surfactant to reduce the energy. Its hydrophilicity has been widely acknowledged.

The application and use of graphene oxide

The graphene oxide class is an important graphene based material. Although the oxidation destroys graphene’s highly conjugated structure, it retains its layered structure and special surface characteristics. The introduction of oxygen-containing groups not only makes graphene oxide chemically stable, but also provides surface modification active sites and a larger specific surface area for the synthesis of graphene-based/graphene oxide-based materials. Graphene Oxide, used as a precursor for graphene composite materials and a support carrier, is highly functionalizable and controllable. It provides a large surface area for dispersing metals and metal oxides as well as high molecular weight polymers.

The number and type of oxygen-containing groupings are used to modulate the conductivity of graphene. The material is versatile and has many applications. The material has many applications. Surface modification of graphene-oxide composite materials has many applications. This includes polymer composite materials as well as inorganic compound material.

Graphene oxide is widely used as a semiconductor electronic package due to its excellent properties in terms of electrical, mechanical and thermal properties.

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What is Graphene Oxide? The oxide graphene is known as graphene oxide. It is usually abbreviated GO. The color of the oxide is brown-yellow. Common […]

Silica aerogels have unique mesoporous structure and properties which are widely used in many fields

What is silica Aerogel?
Silica Aerogels are lightweight materials that can be used in many applications, including chromatography and high-temperature insulation. The hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic silica is available in different densities and forms such a discs. American Elements can produce most materials in high purity and ultra-high purity (up to 99.99999%) forms and follows applicable ASTM testing standards; a range of grades are available, including Mil Spec (military grade), ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade, Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade, Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia).

What are the uses of silica Aerogel?

The aerogels made of silica are used in optical devices, imaging devices and light guide. Due to its high porosity and surface area, this material is ideal for heavy metal removal.

Insulation field
Silica aerogels have a low density. Comparing it to traditional insulation materials, the aerogel can achieve an equivalent insulation effect while being lighter and having a smaller volume. It is now being used in civilian, military and aerospace fields. Broad application prospects. As an example, the British fighter jet “Puma” uses silica thermal insulation composite materials as the cabin insulation layer. It is possible to use silica aerogel composite thermal insulation on weapons power devices in order to prevent heat spread and facilitate anti-infrared reconnaisance of the weapon. Silica aerogel can also be used as a heat-insulating material and sonic-proofing material in the building industry. It is environmentally friendly, effective, and lightweight. The material is also promising for window insulation because of its transparency and high insulation.

The optical field
Due to its nano-porous nature, silica aerogel has a long free path of visible light and a high light transmittance. The reflection light can be ignored when it is used as light-transmitting materials. The optical anti-reflection glass prepared by utilizing the optical properties silica Aerogel can be used for high-power optical components of laser systems, display devices, or solar cell protective glass.

Electricity field
As a result of its extremely low dielectric constant, aerogel silica can be used to transmit high-temperature waves for missiles.

Catalysis
The nano-porous 3-dimensional network structure, which is unique, results in ultra-fine particles with high porosity. High specific surface area and low density are also characteristics. These properties make it highly adsorbent, improving the activity, selectivity and longevity of the supported catalyst. It is superior than traditional catalysers and has therefore great application value in the area of catalysis.

Medical field
It is a biocompatible and biodegradable material with a high porosity. Silica aerogel can be used for a variety of biomedical purposes, including artificial tissues, organ components, and human organs. It can be used for medical purposes such as controlled release or drug-loaded delivery systems. The sensitive response of silica aerogel loaded enzyme to the existence and reaction of an organism can be used for the manufacture of the biosensor.

How is silica made into Aerogel?

Silica aerogels are made by removing liquid from silica gel’s framework, while preserving at least 50% of its original volume (typically 90-99+%). It is usually done by supercritically dry the gel, but it can be done in a variety of ways.

The main steps in the preparation of silica Aerogel include three parts.

Sol-gelation Process: A precursor reaction is performed on the silicon source to form the sol. Then, a catalyst is introduced to hydrolyze and condense the wet gel.

Ageing gel: To improve mechanical strength and stability, the gel is aged in mother liquor.

Drying process: To form an aerogel, the liquid dispersion medium must dry out the gases from the holes.

How strong is silica aerogel?

The silica aerogel is capable of withstanding up to 2000x its weight if applied evenly and gently. Keep in mind, too, that aerogels can be quite light and 2000 times its weight may not seem like much.

What is silica What are the ingredients in Aerogel?

Aerogels are made by removing water from a gel and maintaining its structure. The material is highly effective as an insulation. Since their invention, the main component of aerogels has been silica. To create gel, the silica and solvent are combined.

A silica Aerogel’s solid frame is composed of silica nanoparticles, which are the oxide of Silicon, like quartz, glass or sand.

Cellulose Silica Nanofiber Aerogels – From Sol Gel Electrospun Nanofibers To Multifunctional Aerogels

Aerogels have a low bulk density but are highly porous and perform well in a variety of applications. But the lengthy and complex fabrication process limits the potential applications. Aerogels have recently been produced with enhanced properties and functions due to the incorporation of fibrous networks. It is possible to create thermally and mechanically durable nanofiber aerogels by using a hybrid electrospun silica/cellulose diacetate nanofiber. Thermal treatment bonds the silica-CDA networks tightly together, improving aerogel mechanical properties and hydrophobicity.

The XRF and Fourier-transform Infrared studies in situ demonstrate that the formation of strong bonds between silica, and the CDA networks results in the fabrication cross-linked structure responsible for their mechanical robustness and thermal stability and enhanced affinity for oil. The hybrid aerogels’ superhydrophobicity and high oleophilicity make them ideal candidates for oil spill cleanup. Their flame retardancy and low temperature conductivity are also useful in applications that need stability.

Small Scale Applications of 3D-Printed Silica Aerogels

The Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology EMPA, under the leadership of Shanyu Zhao and Gilberto Squeira and Wim Mlfait and Matthias Koebel have been exploring ways to use silica aergels for additive manufacturing on a microscale. They published their findings in the recent “Additive manufacture of silica aergels” which details the study. Most commonly, though, these materials are used for thermal insulation-especially for constricted spaces that may require buffering.

Researchers developed a new patent-pending method for producing micro-structures using direct ink-writing (DIW).

The silica aerogel has good mechanical properties, but its thermal conductivity is low. The authors claim that 3D printed aerogels may be “drilled, milled” and then molded. During the study, 3D printed leaves and a lotus bloom were produced. This demonstrated not only the capability to design overhanging structure but also the printing complex geometries using multiple materials. Due to their small size, these materials could also be used for thermal insulation of electronics. This would prevent them from affecting one another while close together and effectively manage conductive heat spots.

The researchers created a thermos molecular gas pump, or a Knudsen-type pump from aerogel material that was enhanced on one end with nanoparticles made of black manganese oxide. When exposed to light, this material’s dark side warms and pumps out gas or solvent vapors.

The researchers created a lotus blossom made from aerogel as a way to show that 3D-printed structures can produce fine aerogel structures.

This progress could also lead to the use of aerosols as medical implants that protect tissue from heat exceeding 37 degrees. EMPA is currently looking for partners who are interested in using these novel 3D printed Aerogels to develop industrial applications. Also, check out some of the previous research they’ve done, including other types of 3D printed inks made of cellulose and unique molds used to develop sensors.

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What is silica Aerogel? Silica Aerogels are lightweight materials that can be used in many applications, including chromatography and high-temperature insulation. The hydrophilic as well […]

Quality Index of Graphite Electrode

Graphite electrodes are mainly used in the electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking process to melt scrap steel. The electrode is made of graphite because it can withstand high temperatures. In an electric arc furnace, the tip of the electrode can reach 3,000 degrees Fahrenheit, which is half the surface temperature of the sun. The size of the electrode varies greatly, ranging from 75 mm in diameter to a maximum of 750 mm, and the longest can reach 2800 mm. The main indicators of graphite electrode quality and performance are: bulk density db, electrical resistivity r, bending strength, elastic modulus E, thermal expansion coefficient a and ash content A%. According to these indicators of graphite electrodes and the differences between different national standards and manufacturing processes of raw materials, graphite electrodes are divided into ordinary power graphite electrodes (RP), high power graphite electrodes (HP), and ultra-high power graphite electrodes (UHP). The post-graphite electrode production plant can add high-density graphite electrodes (HD) and quasi-super-high graphite electrodes (SHP) according to the functional requirements of different users.
On the basis of national standards, each company has its own corporate standards, and customers will make their own order of quality standards. The relative volume density is the ratio of the quality management of the graphite electrode material sample to its volume. The unit is g/cm3. The larger the volume density, the denser the working electrode, which is positively related to the strength and the performance of the anti-oxidation system. Generally speaking, The greater the influence of the volume density of the same type of electrode, the lower its resistivity.
Resistivity is a parameter for measuring electrode conductivity. It refers to the resistance of the conductor to the current when the current passes through the conductor. The value is equal to the resistance of a conductor with a length of 1m and a cross-sectional area of 1m2 at a certain temperature, which reduces consumption during use.
The flexural strength is a parameter that characterizes the performance of the mechanical system of the graphite structure material. It is also called the flexural strength. It means that when the external force is perpendicular to the axis of the object, the object will bend to the instantaneous limit caused by the external force to resist the risk. Capacity, the unit is MPa. High-strength electrodes and joints are less likely to break when using the network.
The modulus of elasticity is an important aspect of mechanical properties. It is an index to measure the elastic deformation ability of a material and refers to the stress-strain ratio within the elastic deformation range. The greater the modulus of elasticity, and the greater the stress required for elastic deformation to generate, it simply, the greater the elastic modulus of brittle materials, the smaller the elastic modulus of flexible materials.
The thermal expansion coefficient of graphite as an electrode is a very important thermal performance parameter. The lower the value, the stronger the thermal stability of Chinese products. The higher the oxidation resistance, the performance can reflect the less fracture and consumption in use, the loss would be less.
Ash refers to other components in solid products other than carbon graphite. As the ash content in the electrode, graphite is directly affected by the ash content of the raw materials used. The ash content of petroleum coke needle coke is low. Therefore, the ash content of graphite passing through the electrode is generally not more than 0.5%, and the ash content within 1% has no effect on steelmaking. Obviously, but the impurity elements in the ash will reduce the performance of the anti-oxidation system of the working electrode, etc.
(aka. Technology Co. Ltd.) is a trusted global chemical material supplier & manufacturer with over 12 years’ experience in providing super high-quality chemicals and Nanomaterials. The graphite powder produced by our company has high purity, fine particle size and impurity content. Lower, please contact us if necessary.

Graphite electrodes are mainly used in the electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking process to melt scrap steel. The electrode is made of graphite because it […]

The Main Application of Nano Spherical Silicon Powder

What is spherical silicon powder?

Also known as spherical silicic acid, spherical silicic powder, and so on. The industry. Spherical silica is a white powder of high purity with excellent particles and good dielectric and thermal properties. It has low expansion coefficients and a strong development potential. The purity requirements of spherical powder used in integrated circuits are getting stricter. Normal conditions require that the silicon content is no less than 99.95%.

Features and performance characteristics of spherical Silicon products

Flame fusion is a method that produces spherical silica. Silica in a flame at very high temperatures produces spherical silicone dioxide. It has high purity and is low in radioactivity. It also has good fluidity.

Micro spherical silicais made up of high-sphericity spherical crystalline particles. Its characteristics include high purity and small particle size.

Spherical silica is non-toxic, has no odor, and shows good activity. It is an optoelectronics semiconductor material that has a large gap energy semiconductor and is a high power light source.

Spherical Silicon has excellent properties including low expansion, low stress (low strain), low impurities and low friction coefficient.

There are two main areas where spherical silicon is used:

Spherical silicon is used extensively in the aerospace and aviation industries, as well as semiconductors, electronics, and other materials. Filling materials can be added to phenolic epoxy resins, paints or coatings. It is also used in high-grade ceramics. It can be used in binders and catalysts as well as medicines, castings and packaging materials. Thermal shrinkage is minimal for spherical silicon. The addition of silica spheres to PVC and other plastics products will not alter the color, feel or reduce thermal shrinkage.

(aka. Technology Co. Ltd., a trusted global chemical materials supplier and manufacturer has over 12 years experience in providing high-quality nanomaterials. The silicon powder produced by our company is high-purity, has an adequate particle size and low impurity levels. Lower is available, but please call us to discuss if needed.

What is spherical silicon powder? Also known as spherical silicic acid, spherical silicic powder, and so on. The industry. Spherical silica is a white powder […]

What is zirconium nitride and its properties?

What is zirconium-nitride (ZrN)? Zirconium Nitride It is an inorganic chemical compound that has different crystal structures. The characteristics of this compound allow it to be used in various ways. ZrN is an alloy compound that has been discovered in the ZrN alloy system. Not only do they have excellent chemical characteristics, but they can also be used for junctions, diffusions stacks, cryogenic meters, etc. These compounds can be used to make metal-based and three-dimensional integrated transistors, as well as in the fabrication of electric coils. These ZrN compounds have superior wear resistance to pure zirconium, as well as superior oxidation and corrosion resistance. In addition, they have a much higher superconducting threshold temperature. value.

Zirconium Nitride properties
The resistivity of ZrN at room temperature is 12.0 uO*cm. Its temperature coefficient is 5.6*10-8 Ohm/K. At 10.4 K the superconducting threshold temperature occurs. The elastic modulus and hardness are 450 GPa. ZrN grown through physical vapor deposition is a golden-like color.

Zirconium nitride preparation
By carbothermal Nitridation, zirconium nitride nanopowders are prepared from a mixture of zirconium gel and carbon black.

ZrO2(s)+3C(s)-ZrC(s)+2CO(g)
2ZrC(s)+2N2(g)+H2(g)-2ZrN(s)+2HCN(g)

Our zirconium powder is ultrafine, with a large surface area, and high purity. Surface activity high. Used in plasticizing ceramics, as well as thermostable organization ceramics.

Zirconium nitride is used in the manufacture of zirconium alloys. You can also find out more about the different kinds of industries
Zirconium nitride This material is similar to cement and titanium nitride. This material is also used to make cermets, laboratory crucibles, and refractory materials. Physical vapor deposition is often used as a coating method for parts such as medical equipment (especially drill bits), industrial parts, automotive and aerospace components, and parts that are prone to corrosion. In the case of alloying with Al the electronic structure is formed from the cubic ZrN’s local octahedral bonds symmetry. This distorted as the Al content increased, leading to a higher bonding complexity and harderness.
The zirconium-nitride coating is used for burs and drills. These coatings can be deposited using physical vapor deposition. Zirconium Nitride-coated tools can be used for nonferrous metal applications. These include machining of aluminum alloys as well as brass, copper alloys and Titanium.
Also, zirconium nitride is used to line hydrogen peroxide tanks on rockets and planes.

(aka. Technology Co. Ltd., a trusted global chemical supplier and manufacturer has over 12 years experience in providing super-high-quality chemicals. The zirconium nitride Please note that the products produced by our company are of high purity and have low impurity. Please. Contact us if necessary.

What is zirconium-nitride (ZrN)? Zirconium Nitride It is an inorganic chemical compound that has different crystal structures. The characteristics of this compound allow it to […]

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