Tag: graphene

Sorted out the properties and uses of graphite for you

Properties and advantages of graphite Graphite is a kind of carbonized material and has many advantages such as high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, electrical conductivity, heat conduction, lubrication, low surface energy, lightweight, and high carbonization yield.

General-purpose of graphite
It is widely used in the fields of metallurgy, chemical industry, machinery, electronics, aerospace, national defense and military industry. Graphite is made into refractory materials, casting materials, lubricants, brake linings, pencil leads, carbon brushes, batteries, expanded graphite and other materials.

Several important uses of graphite?
1. Refractory
In the smelting industry, graphite is used to make graphite crucibles, as protective agents for steel ingots, and as magnesia-carbon bricks for the lining smelting furnaces.
2. Conductive materials
In the electrical industry, graphite is used as electrodes, brushes, electric rods, carbon nanotubes, and coatings for television picture tubes.
3. Wear-resistant materials and lubricants
In much mechanical equipment, graphite is used as a wear-resistant and lubricating material, which can slide at a speed of 100 meters per second within a temperature of -200~2000, which can make the equipment useless or less lubricating oil.
4. Sealing material
Use flexible graphite to make centrifugal pumps, water turbines, steam turbines, and piston ring gaskets and seals for transporting corrosive media or equipment.
5. Corrosion-resistant materials
Utensils, pipes and equipment made of graphite are resistant to corrosion by various corrosive gases and liquids and are widely used in equipment in the fields of petroleum, chemical industry, and hydrometallurgy.
6. Heat insulation, high-temperature resistance and radiation protection material
Graphite can be used as a neutron moderator in nuclear reactors and rocket nozzles, missile nose cones, aerospace equipment parts, thermal insulation materials, radiation materials, etc.

Graphite’s high value-added application product types
With the continuous innovation of science and technology, graphite high value-added products are gradually being created. For example, expanded graphite, isotropic graphite, fluorinated graphite, spherical graphite for lithium-ion batteries, metal or graphite composite materials have been widely used in energy conservation and environmental protection, new energy, new-generation information technology, new energy vehicles, high-end equipment manufacturing, Most strategic emerging industries such as biology. Generally speaking, almost all important development directions are inseparable from graphite.

Graphite represents the types and applications of graphene products
The current research on graphene has also achieved a major breakthrough. Products such as high-purity graphite, nuclear graphite, fluorinated graphite, silicon-impregnated graphite, graphite derivatives or graphite composites have been mass-produced at home and abroad, and are widely used in environmental protection, High-tech industries such as nuclear industry, electronics and semiconductors.
Physicists use graphene to generate clean, unlimited power generation circuits
A team of physicists at the University of Arkansas has successfully developed a circuit that can capture the thermal motion of graphene and convert it into an electric current. The graphene-based energy harvesting circuit will be integrated into the chip to provide a clean, unlimited low-voltage power supply for small devices or sensors.

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Properties and advantages of graphite Graphite is a kind of carbonized material and has many advantages such as high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, electrical conductivity, heat […]

How amazing is graphene?

What’s graphene Graphene can be described as a new material that is composed of a single layer made up carbon atoms, which are packed tightly together to form a hexagonal honeycomb network. It is an allotrope or two-dimensional carbon material.

Graphene only has 0.142 nanometers molecular bond length and 0.335 micrometers crystal plane spacing. It has four atoms of size, making it much smaller than a bacteria.
Graphene has been the thinnest known compound. It is one atom in thickness. It is also one atom thick.

Humans and graphene
Since 1948, graphene was found in nature. It was hard to separate graphene form the monolayer structure at that time. The graphene was all clumped together.
Graphene, therefore, was considered non-existent for a very long time.
Scientists Konstantin Voselov (University of Manchester) discovered how to isolate graphene in 2004. They discovered that graphite sheets made from highly-oriented, pyrolytic graphite could be easily separated by attaching them to special tape and then tearing it apart.
This can be repeated over and over, resulting in thinner sheets. Eventually, graphene is a special type of carbon atoms. Andrei Geim, Konstantin Novoselov received the Nobel Prize for Graphene Discovery.

Graphene Is the king material.
The landscape of scientific research in the world was transformed by the discovery graphene. One gram graphene will cover the area of a standard football field, as it is the thinnest known material.
Graphene is also very good at electrical and thermal properties. Pure monolayer graphene, which is defect-free, has a high thermal conductivity at 5300W/Mk, the highest known carbon material.
Graphene is also very good at conducting electricity. Graphene, which has a carrier mobility value of 15,000m2/(Vs at room temperatures), is 10 times more than silicon, the most widely used material.
The arrangement of carbon atoms inside graphene is like barbed wire. This arrangement of atoms gives graphene unique flexibility. It is also more difficult than ever. The graphene’s unique flexibility is due to the honeycomb and barbed wire structures created by carbon atoms. Each carbon atom is also perpendicular the orbital, which allows for large bonds to penetrate atoms.

Graphene applications
The discovery graphene has opened scientists’ eyes to the possibility of movement and action of particles. It has also changed our lives in many ways.

These new energy batteries represent the first steps towards graphene tech. The lithium battery is currently the most common type of battery. While the lithium battery has the capacity to store large amounts electric energy, it also has the drawback of being too fragile. Each discharge or charging will reduce the battery’s life expectancy.
The graphene material can greatly increase the charging efficiency and capacity of batteries. Additionally, it plays a significant role in prolonging battery life. A graphene tinoxid layer will be used as the anode for a lithium-ion battery. The battery will last longer once it is charged.
Graphene is a good choice for batteries that last longer and have a higher capacity.

Because graphene has soft properties, it could be used to create flexible material. The flexible display is one of the most iconic examples.
The flexible transparent displays produced by the South Korean Institute were made using layers of graphene, fiberglass polyester sheets and other materials. While the project is still in the development phase and has not been launched on the market, it’s possible that one day mobile phones will be equipped with flexible graphene displays. The phones can be folded up like silly putty.

Graphene is also used to protect our environment, most notably in desalination.
Water reacts with graphene to create a channel that is just 0.9 nanometers wide. Smaller molecules can pass through this channel without difficulty, but larger molecules will get stuck. Graphene can be used to remove large molecules of salt from seawater.

Graphene’s unique properties and excellent properties have led to many achievements in many scientific fields.

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What’s graphene Graphene can be described as a new material that is composed of a single layer made up carbon atoms, which are packed tightly […]

The Applications of Few Layer Graphene

Overview F ew L ayer G raphene
This type is made up of three to ten layers of carbon atoms. They are packed in a benzene ring (that is, hexagonal honeycomb structure) and stacked using various stacking methods (ABC stacking,ABA stacking etc. )Two-dimensional carbon materials.
Singlelayer graphene is a powder that has the two-dimensional structure of a brand new carbonaceous substance. Graphene powder is a good choice for its electrical, thermal, or mechanical properties.

Anode Material for Lithium Battery Few Layer Graphene (CAS 1034343-398-0

What are the potential applications of F ew L ayer G raphene
With the gradual breakthrough of mass production and large-size problems, the industrial application of graphene is accelerating.Based on existing research results,the first commercial applications may be mobile devices,aerospace,and new energy. The battery field. The electronic structure can be modified by induction gas molecule adsorption. This changes not only the concentration of carriers but also allows for the doping of graphene with different graphenes.
1.Sensor
Graphene is capable of being made into a chemical sensors. This is achieved mainly through its surface adsorption characteristics. The sensitivity of graphene-based chemical detectors is comparable to that of single molecule detection, according to some researchers. Graphene’s two-dimensional nature makes it extremely sensitive to its surroundings. Graphene is a good material for electrochemical sensors. Graphene sensors have a high sensitivity to detect dopamine in medicine and glucose in medicine.
2.Transistor
Graphene can also be used to create transistors.
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Overview F ew L ayer G raphene This type is made up of three to ten layers of carbon atoms. They are packed in a […]

Application of graphene in lithium-ion batteries

The unique physical and chemical characteristics of graphene make graphene a great candidate for research in the area of electrode material development. According to various application areas, graphene can be divided into the following three categories: graphene application in lithium-ion cells, graphene application in anode material, and other uses in lithium-ion lithium-ionbatteries.
Application to graphene in cathode material
The applicable cathode materials for lithium-ion battery batteries should have high reversible potential, stable potential, nontoxicity, low cost of production, and large reversible power. LiFePO4 (low lithium ion mobility) and lithium iron phosphate are the most popular cathode materials used for lithium-ion cells. It is possible to improve the conductivity and rate performance of LiFePO4 materials by adding graphene.
A lack of research on graphene material positive electrodes is due to its uniqueness. Research has shown that hydrothermal methods of covering graphene directly on LiFePO4 surfaces to create composite materials have a poor rate of performance improvement. It could be because graphene structure is destroyed or stacked.
The study showed that half-wrapping LiFePO4 in graphene can improve its conductivity. But, it decreases the ion transmission effectiveness after full-wrapping it. This could be due to the six-membered structure of graphene, which makes it difficult for lithium ions to pass through. To prepare LiFePO4/graphene hybrids, some researchers have ultrasonically mixed LiFePO4 Nanoparticles and graphite dioxide. The specificity of lithium insertion is significantly increased after the material has been coated with conventional carbon. This can still be maintained at approximately 70mAh/g, even under high rates of 60C.

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The unique physical and chemical characteristics of graphene make graphene a great candidate for research in the area of electrode material development. According to various […]

The Naming Method of Graphene

Graphene Graphene a material where carbon atoms are tightly packed into a single layer, two-dimensional honeycomb lattice. Graphene exhibits excellent optical, mechanical, and electrical properties. This material has great potential for applications in materials science and micro-nano processes, energy, biomedicine and drug delivery. It is expected to be a breakthrough material in the near future.
To regulate the growth of the graphene industry, it is important to have a better understanding of graphene. China Graphene Standards Committee reviewed single, double, few-layer graphene and single-layer oxide graphene in 2014. There are many concepts like reduced graphene dioxide, functionalized graphene and graphene material.

The material’s electronic energy band structure has reached its 3-dimensional limit at 10 graphene layers. This means that the graphene standard defines graphene as being within 10 layers. A single-layer graphene is a two-dimensional material made of carbon atoms that are arranged closely in a hexagonal honeycomb structure.

Two-layer grapheneconsists of two layers carbon atoms that are frequently and closely packed into a benzene ring structural (that’s, a hexagonal honeycomb construction) and are composed with different stacking techniques (including AB stacking or AA stacking etc.). Dimensional carbon materials.

A few-layer grapheneis a 2-dimensional carbon that’s composed of 3-10 layers each of carbon atoms. It is packed in a benzene ring structure, (hexagonal Honeycomb structure), in various stacking methods, including ABC stacking (ABA stacking), etc. Material.

Single-layer Grapheneoxide – A two-dimensional carbon material that has oxygen-containing functional chains attached to the surface or boundary of a one-layer graphene. Grapheneoxide is a carbon material that has oxygen-containing functional links attached to the surface and boundary at least one graphene carbon atom layer. Graphene dioxide includes the previously mentioned single-layer grapheneoxid.

Single layer reduced graphene oxygen refers to two-dimensional carbon materials obtained by deoxidizing single-layer graphene dioxide by incomplete removal (groups), of oxygen-containing functional units (groups), by chemical, electrochemical, heat or other treatment methods.

A two-dimensional carbon substance called reduced grapheneoxide refers to graphene oxide. It is obtained by chemical, electrochemical or heat treatment of graphene oxide’s oxygen-containing functional group (groups). One-layer reduced grapheneoxide is included in the reduction of graphene.

Functionalized graphene is a kind of graphene that contains heteroatoms/molecules (such as hydrogen, fluorine, oxygen-containing groups and other surface modification to form bonds, nitrogen, boron and other elements substitution doping, heteroatom/molecule intercalation) Etc.) Two-dimensional carbon material. Functionalized graphene can be either the grapheneoxid described above or reduced grapheneoxid.

This definition includes single-layer graphene as well as double-layer and few-layer versions of graphene. Both can be called graphene material.

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Hexagonal Boron Nitride is 10 Times Stronger Than Graphene

Hexagonalboron nitride , is a two-dimensional layered broadband gap insulating material. It has good heat resistance, chemical stability and dielectric property. It is used extensively in electronic devices.
Hexagonalboron nitride has structural similarities to graphene. This is a hexagonal planar lattice containing atoms that are interconnected in hexagons. There is one difference: graphene has all carbon atoms. H-BN contains only three nitrogen and three of boron atoms per hexagon.

The strongest carbon-carbon bonds make graphene stronger than HBN. Both the strength and elastic modulus are comparable, with hBN slightly lower: graphene is stronger than HBN at 130GPa, while HBN has an elastic modulus around 1.0TPa. HBN’s strength and modulus are respectively 100GPa, 0.8 TPA and 0.9 TPA.
Graphene’s excellent mechanical properties are offset by its low crack resistance. This makes it brittle.

British engineer Griffiths published in 1921 a theoretical study on fracture mechanics. This included a description of the failures of brittle materials as well as the relationship between size of cracks and the forces required to make them grow. Engineers and scientists have been using this theory for many years to predict the strength of materials.
Jun Lou, Rice University’s Professor, and his research team, found that graphene has a high degree of fracture toughness. The study was consistent with Griffith’s theory about fracture mechanics. Graphene cracks will propagate when its stress exceeds the force it holds together.
Due to its structural similarities to graphene H-bn could also make it vulnerable. But this is incorrect.

H-BN was found to be 10x more ductile that graphene, according to scientists.
The cracking resistance of H-BN, which is brittle and ductile, was determined by a team consisting of Prof. Jun Lou at Rice University and Prof. Hua Yian Gao from Nanyang Technological University. Griffith’s fracture theory is not supported by this finding. Such anomalies were never seen in other two-dimensional materials. Nature published the related research findings under “Intrinsic roughening, stable crack propagation and Hexagonal Boron nuitride”.

What’s the secret to H-BN’s extraordinary toughness
They applied stress to H-BN samples using transmission electron microscopes and scanning electron microscopes. This allowed them to understand how cracks formed. The mystery was solved after over 1,000 hours of experimental work and the subsequent theoretical analysis.

H-Bn graphene is structurally identical to graphene, however boron atoms and nitrogen atoms differ. HBN therefore has an intrinsic asymmetric arrangement for hexagonal lattice, not like graphene. The cracks in graphene tend to cut through the symmetrical hexagonal structure top to bottom and open the bond as a zipper. H-BN has a hexagonal structure that is slightly different due to the stress difference between boron & nitrogen. Because of this, cracks can bifurcate and form branches.
The crack that splits means the crack is turning. To make the crack harder to propagate, this steering crack needs additional energy. H-Bn is more elastic than graphene.

The excellent heat resistance, chemical stability and dielectric properties of H-BN have made it an essential material in two-dimensional electronic, as well as other 2-bit devices. This is not only for its support but also because it acts as an insulating layer to electronic components. hBN is a tough material that can be used to make flexible electronics. This makes it a good choice and important in the development of 2D flexible materials suitable for two-dimensional electronic applications.
Future uses for hBN include electronic textiles that are flexible and electronic skin, implantable electronics, and electronic skin.

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Hexagonalboron nitride , is a two-dimensional layered broadband gap insulating material. It has good heat resistance, chemical stability and dielectric property. It is used extensively […]

What is Few Layer Graphene?

What is it? F ew ayer raphene ? The graphene layers consist of thin layers of carbon molecules arranged in a honeycomb hexagonal lattice.
The key features of F ew L ayer G raphene
The original crystal structure of natural flake graphite is retained in the few-layer graphene. It exhibits a large form ratio (diameter/thickness), and has excellent electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties. Excellent electrical conductivity, lubrication resistance, corrosion resistance, and other characteristics. The specific surface of the graphene layers is 400700m2/g. The thickness is 0.553.74nm. Graphene has a high surface specificity. It is easy to combine graphene with other materials like polymers and create a good interface.

Graphene Powder Properties
Other Titles	Graphene nanopowder, 2D carbon, monolayer graphene, bilayer graphene, graphene nanosheets, graphene nanoribbons, graphene nanoplatelet
No.	1034343-98-0
Combination Formula	C
Molecular Weight	12.01
Appearance	Black Powder
Melting Point	3652-3697
Boiling Point	4200
Density	2.267 g/cm3
Solubility of H2O	N/A
Thermal Expansion	N/A

Anode Material for Lithium Battery Few Layer Graphene (CAS 1034343-398-0

F. ew L ayer G raphene
As an excellent base material for industrial-scale functional composites materials, graphene layers will play a crucial role in this new industrial revolution. Graphene flakes attached inorganic microparticles can prevent the flakes being stacked repeatedly during chemical reduction. It can promote the creation of new materials that use graphene-inorganic nanoparticles. The graphene inorganic nanocomposites have excellent performance. They can be widely utilized in sensors, batteries, supercapacitors as well as catalysis.
Few-layer graphene offers great utility in the energy sector. It is also very useful in supercapacitors, hydrogen storage, natural gas storage and in lithium battery applications. Single-layer/few-layer graphene with fewer defects in structure is currently the most widely used negative electrode material for commercial lithium-ion batteries; and defect-rich, few-layer graphene is currently the main electrode material for supercapacitors. The supercapacitors’ large surface area and excellent conductivity are conducive for nanoparticle dispersion. This facilitates electron transfer from nanoparticles into the graphene matrix. This is known as the passive film phenomenon. It is formed during the electrochemical cycling of the capacitor. It also improves the material’s cycle performance. Using graphene in place of traditional graphite materials for lithium-ion lithium-ionbatteries will increase the lithium storage potential of the negative electro. In addition, the graphene material contains lithium ions. Its diffusion path is short and its conductivity high, which can dramatically improve its rate performance. For hydrogen storage, some atoms such as transition metals or alkali metals are first attracted to graphene. The adsorption is a charge transfer that occurs between the increased and substrate atoms. This changes the local charge density, greatly increasing graphene’s ability to absorb hydrogen.
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What is it? F ew ayer raphene ? The graphene layers consist of thin layers of carbon molecules arranged in a honeycomb hexagonal lattice. The […]

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