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zinc sulfide formula is a white pigment commonly used in paints, coatings, paper, plastics and rubber. It is also a phosphorescent compound. It is often combined with optical brighteners to produce extremely bright papers and abrasion-sensitive coating systems.
Phosphorescence: With a few ppm of an appropriate activator, zinc sulfide produces intense phosphorescence (first observed by Nikola Tesla in 1893) that is now employed in cathode ray tubes and X-ray screens. It is also used in a variety of glow-in-the-dark applications and is frequently utilized in electroluminescent panels.
Sphalerite: The most common polymorph of zinc sulfide, sphalerite is a tetrahedral mineral that appears as greyish-white crystals. It has a density of 4.09 g/mL and melting point of 1,185 degC.
Wurtzite: The other crystalline form of zinc sulfide, wurtzite, is a hexahedral mineral that exists as white-to-yellowish crystals. The sphalerite crystalline form is more stable and preserves its tetrahedral symmetry.
Physical properties: ZnS is completely insoluble in water and decomposes in the presence of oxidizing agents or strong acids. It is also highly flammable and can release hydrogen sulfide gas in a fire when heated to 900 degC.
The chemical is produced when sodium sulfide and hydrogen sulfide are mixed together or when powdered zinc sulfide reacts with weak hydrochloric acid. It is a toxic and irritant gas to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract if inhaled or ingested.
The chemical can be obtained from waste materials such as smelter slag and pickle liquors. It can also be prepared in the laboratory by a reaction between sulfuric acid and zinc. Alternatively, sphalerite can be made by a vaporization process of an equimolar mixture of zinc and sulfur powders.