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Talk about the significant advantages of materials made of tungsten carbide

What is tungsten carbide? Tungsten carburide (chemical symbol: WC), is a carbide containing equal amounts of tungsten (tungsten) and carbon (carbon). The most basic form is a fine gray dust, but can be shaped through a sintering process. It’s used in industrial machinery and cutting tools as well as abrasives.

Is tungsten carbide better than tungsten?
Tungsten carburide is a dense, grayish-blue metal that decomposes instead of melting at 2600degC. It is made by heating powdered carbon black and tungsten at 1,400deg-1600degC (2.550deg-2.900degF) with hydrogen.
Tungsten carburide is similar to tungsten in many ways, including its durability, strength and melting point. But it’s a much better metal. Tungsten is Mohs 7.5. Tungsten carbide has a high scratch resistance of Mohs 8-9, and is used as the hardest metal in jewelry.

Does tungsten carbide have a higher strength than steel?
When tungsten is combined with a carbide, the chemical formula for WC, it can rival diamond as the hardest known material. Its impact resistance, toughness and scratch/scratch/erosion resistance are excellent, and its service life under extreme conditions is 100 times that of steel.

Tungsten carbide is the hardest metal on earth. Tungsten-carbide jewelry is comparable to gold and platinum, and it is also lightweight and moderately priced. Tungsten’s hardness means it will not bend. This will prevent the ring from deforming unexpectedly, and injuring your fingers. The tungsten-carbide ring on top will never lose its luster.

Why are tungsten carbide rings so cheap?
Because of the reduced amount of labor, tungsten ring prices are low. This will cause a drop in precision and maintenance in the ring-making process, which in turn will reduce quality.
How can I tell that the tungsten-carbide ring is genuine?
To test your ring, try to mark and apply it. If the ring resists marking it will be good. If it becomes dirty quickly and loses its luster in a matter of minutes, the product is not good.

The high melting point, hardness and durability of tungsten carbide also have many beneficial applications in our daily lives. There are many other benefits of tungsten carbide than just rings.

1. The tungsten carbide brake system has been changed by Porsche
The rotors coated with tungsten carbide will perform better, wear less, produce less brake dust, and have no rust.

The brake discs in most modern vehicles are made of carbon ceramic or cast iron. Porsche, however, has implemented a new brake disk made from tungsten carbide. This will revolutionize this industry.

The Porsche Surface Coated Brake, or PSCB is a brake disc made from iron. A layer of superheated carbide is applied to the surface with an extreme high-speed. The result is a thick, dense coating of material with a 0.1-mm thickness. Porsche claims that despite the thinness of the useful materials, the rotor’s service life is 30 percent longer than iron.

Jason Fenske is also a contributor for Road and Track who said that the brake dust generated by PSCB was reduced by around 90% because the rotors wear very little during their lifetime. The tungsten carbide can also lower the temperature of the rotor after repeated hard braking.

2. EDC gear with tungsten carbide (hardness 3.5 times titanium) will allow the entire service lifetime

Compared to black gold, tungsten carbide has a hardness 3.5 times greater than that of titanium. Any gear can be coated with tungsten carbide. It is black and shiny like obsidian. They are almost indestructible and resistant to external wear. Wingback’s Black Steel products are designed Alasdair macLaine, and they have three features that do not meet the minimum requirement. You will find them indispensable in your daily life. The bullet-sized cache key can be used as an emergency money storage on the keychain. A mechanical pen in a large, comfortable design will also become your last one.

MacLaine’s hip flask 100ml has the same design of cylindrical lathe as the other products. This hip flask is unique in its appearance and functionality, thanks to the innovative baton-shaped design. It can be used as a corkscrew and for storing liquids.

All Black Steel Products are manufactured by precision lathes made of stainless steel in the UK. A revolutionary process known as magnetron spraying is then used to coat the magical surface with 3um thick tungsten carbide. Due to the steel structure underneath the black coating, the black material still retains a high gloss. Laser engraving allows you to add personalized and customized messages on your product. Shiny steel is revealed underneath the black coating.
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What is tungsten carbide? Tungsten carburide (chemical symbol: WC), is a carbide containing equal amounts of tungsten (tungsten) and carbon (carbon). The most basic form […]

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The melting point of hafnium carbide is the highest melting point in a known single compound

What is Hafnium Carbide? Hafnium carburide (HfC), a chemical compound composed of hafnium, is a combination of carbon and hafnium. It has a melting point of 3900degC, making it one of most refractory binary compound known. The oxidation resistance of this compound is extremely low. At 430degC, oxidation begins. This compound might be used in the heat shield of future spacecraft.
Carbonizations are usually devoid of carbon. Therefore, their composition is typically expressed as HfCx (x = 0,5 to 1,0). The crystal structure is cubic (salt).
Hafnium carburide is normally synthesized in an atmosphere of inertness or reduction with hafnium (HfO2) oxide and carbon. The reaction is carried out at a temperature between 1900-2300degC. Hafnium carburide can form solid solutions with many compounds such as ZrC or TaC. ).
The hafnium oxide (IV) obtained by reducing powdered hafnium with carbon is between 1800 and 2000degC. To remove all the oxygen, it takes a lot of time. Chemical vapor deposition can also produce a coating of high purity HfC from a gas mix of methane (methane), hydrogen and vaporized chlorine chloride IV. HfC’s limited use is due to its technical complexity and high synthesis costs, despite its advantageous properties, including high hardness and melting point (>9 Mohs).
HfC-x undergoes a change from paramagnetism to diamagnetism when x is increased. TaC has the same structure as HfC but exhibits the opposite behavior.

What is hafnium carbide used for?
Hafnium carbide is an excellent material for rockets. It can also be used for ceramics, other industries and as the nose of space rockets which re-enter our atmosphere.

How powerful is hafnium carbide?
W- and Mo-based alloys dispersed with hafnium carburide exhibit superior tensile strength and stress rupture properties than alloys without HfC. MoHfC is stronger than WHfC at 1400K pressure, based on density compensation.
Hafnium carbide has a density 12.7g/cm3, and the melting point is 3890degC. It’s the highest melting point known for a single compound. Volume resistivity of hafnium carbide is 1.95×10-4O*cm (2990) and thermal expansion coefficient 6.73×10-6. In general, hafnium (HfO2) is combined with carbon to create powders in an inert environment. Hafnium carburide can react at a temperature of 1900-2300°C and form a solid with many compounds. It is characterized by a high melting temperature and elasticity coefficient.

Is hafnium carbide poisonous?
In studies on animals, the intraperitoneal routes of trichlorooxidation were toxic. There have been no reported cases of industrial poisoning. Carbide : Pure carbon is very low in toxicity for humans. It may be used as graphite and charcoal or even eaten.
Why does hafnium carburide have a melting point so high?
Hafnium carburide is resistant to corrosion as it forms an oxide layer on the surface. According to “Chemical World”, the mixed carbide of hafnium and tungsten has the highest melting points of all known compounds at 7,457° Fahrenheit (4125° Celsius).

Introduction to Hafnium: What is Hafnium exactly?
In nature, zirconium coexists with hafnium. Zirconium-containing mineral hafnium. Hafnium shares many similarities with zirconium in nature. The amount of HfO2 found in zircon for industrial use is between 0.5-2 %. Beryllium zircon found in secondary zirconium can contain up to 15 percent HfO2. A metamorphic stone containing more than 5% of HfO2 is also available. Both minerals have very small reserves, and they have never been used by the industry. Hafnium primarily is recovered during the production of zirconium.

The hafnium melting process is basically the zirconium melting process, divided into 5 steps.
First, the ore is decomposed. The first method is to chlorinate zircon in order to get (Zr Hf)Cl4. At 600, the zircon melts with zircon and NaOH. More than 90% (Zr Hf O2) is transformed into Na2 Zr Hf O3, while the siO2 turns to Na2SiO3, before being removed by water. After dissolving in HNO3, the Na2 (Zr,Hf)O3 solution can be used to separate zirconium from hafnium. The colloid SiO2 makes extraction with solvents and separation difficult. After immersion in water, 3Sinter the K2SiF6 and obtain K2(Zr & Hf). The solution is able to separate zirconium from hafnium through fractional crystallization.

Separation of hafnium from zirconium is done by using the HNO3 and TBP (tributylphosphate) systems. Multi-stage fractionation using a difference in the vapor pressure between HfCl4 (ZrCl4) and ZrCl4 melts at high pressures above 20 atmospheres has been studied for a long time. This technology can eliminate the second chlorination and reduce costs. Due to the corrosion of (Zr, Hf )Cl4 as well as HCl it is difficult to find fractionation columns that are suitable. They will also decrease the quality of ZrCl4 or HfCl4 while increasing the cost.

The fourth step is purification of HfCl4 and magnesium reduction. The fourth stage is the purification of HfCl4 followed by magnesium reduction. This is the same process as purification and reduction ZrCl4 and the semi-finished product obtained is crude sponge Hafnium. The fifth step involves vacuum distillation to remove MgCl2 as well as recover the excess metal magnesium. The finished product will be sponge metal hafnium. If sodium is substituted for magnesium in the reducing agents, the fifth step will change to water immersion.

To avoid spontaneous combustion, take extra care to remove the hafnium crucible sponge. The sponge hafnium pieces need to be broken up into small pieces. These pieces will be used as electrodes for consumables. It is also important to avoid spontaneous combustion when breaking the sponge hafnium. The iodide decomposition technique is used to purify sponge hafnium in the same manner as zirconium and titanium. The control conditions differ slightly from zirconium. The temperature of the sponge hafnium in the iodination chamber is 600degC. Meanwhile, the temperature of a hot wire at the center of the tank is 1600degC. . Hafnium is processed and formed by forging and extrusion. The primary purpose of hafnium in the production of control rods for reactors is to be used as a nuclear fuel.
Hafnium application
Pure hafnium exhibits plasticity, is easy to process, has high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance. It is an important element in the nuclear energy industry. Hafnium, with its large thermal neutron section, is an ideal neutron absorption device that can be used for a control rod or protection device in an atomic power reactor. Hafnium is used in rocket propellers. In the electrical industry, cathodes for X ray tubes can also be produced. Hafnium-Ta alloy can be used in the manufacture of tool steel, resistance materials and rocket nozzles. Hafnium adds heat resistance to heat-resistant alloys like tungsten and molybdenum. Due to its melting point and high hardness, it can be used in cemented carbide. The melting temperature of 4TaC*HfC has been measured at 4215degC. This is the highest melting temperature compound.

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What is Hafnium Carbide? Hafnium carburide (HfC), a chemical compound composed of hafnium, is a combination of carbon and hafnium. It has a melting point […]

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Global Boron Carbide Cost

The global boron carbide cost is expected to witness growth at a CAGR of 4.5% in the first half of 2021 and 4.7% during the first half of 2022, according to Future Market Insights. Increased demand for nuclear energy owing to the increasing trend for sustainable energies across the globe is expected to propel the growth of the boron carbide market. Additionally, the material’s hardness, chemical inertness, and efficient neutron absorption properties are anticipated to boost its usage in industrial tools and equipment.

The abrasive grade segment is expected to lead the market throughout the forecast period owing to its use in lapping and polishing applications. Additionally, it is used in the nozzles of water jet cutters and grit blasting systems. The nuclear grade boron carbide segment is also expected to grow at a rapid pace due to its effective neutron-absorbing property, which makes it ideal for use as control and shield rods in nuclear reactors.

China’s established metal industrial base is expected to drive the boron carbide market in the country over the forecast timeline. The top ten steel producers in the country generated less than 50% of crude steel production in 2009, with the remaining 75 companies contributing an extra 30% to the total. The entrance of private metal manufacturing enterprises in the country is further expected to bolster boron carbide fiber demand. In addition, the country’s increasing healthcare sector is further expected to drive the boron carbide coating market.

The global boron carbide cost is expected to witness growth at a CAGR of 4.5% in the first half of 2021 and 4.7% during the […]

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The Property And Preparation of Silicon Disulfide SiS2 Powder

What is the silicon disulfide properties?

Silicon disulfide The crystal structure of silicon disulfide is an orthorhombic, tetragonal white fibrous system. The molecular form of silicon disulfide (SiS2) is SiS2. Under normal temperature and pressure it is stable, but when exposed to moisture or heated, it will decompose into H2S and siO2.
Inorganic silicon disulfide has the chemical formula SiS2. It is a material that is similar to silica but with a one-dimensional polymer structure.

What is silicon disulfide prepared?

1. Burn aluminum powder in a furnace with extra sulfur. The aluminum sulfide mixture is crushed, and a little excess silica powder added. Place the mixture in a crockpot. Next, place the crockpot inside a quartz tube. Finally, heat the tube with a small amount dry nitrogen. The reaction begins around 1100degC. At 1200 to 1330degC sublimed SiS2 sticks to the area of low temperature in the tube. Sublimation under nitrogen or vacuum is recommended for purification. The mixture is heated between 5x103MPa (700degC) and silicon to get tetragonal SiS2.

2. Heat will decompose hydrocarbon-sulfide-based silica, producing silicon disulfide or sulfide. Sulfur will cause the decomposition to occur at a much lower temperature if added. Mix 96g of Sulfur and 39g Si (SC2H5)4 in a bowl and heat it at 200degC (10min) to create silicon disulfide. After the latter is dispersed in benzene and filtered, conditions are set up to prevent moisture from mixing.

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What is the silicon disulfide properties? Silicon disulfide The crystal structure of silicon disulfide is an orthorhombic, tetragonal white fibrous system. The molecular form of […]

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What are the characteristics of selenide?

Selenide properties Selenides are compounds containing selenium anions. Similar to sulfides, Se2- can only exist in strong alkaline solutions. In neutral solutions, it is HSe-, while in acid solutions, H2Se is formed. There are some selenides that easily react with oxygen in the air, and metal selenides are easier to decompose than sulfides. Active metal selenide is prone to oxidation or dissolves reaction. Aluminum selenide can be oxidized in moist air and dissolves rapidly, releasing highly toxic dissolve selenide gas.
Existing forms of selenide minerals
Pure selenide minerals are rare, and most of them co-exist with sulfide minerals. The minerals of selenide include white selenite and red selenite. Polyselenide is a compound containing Sen2- anion. They can be obtained by eutecticizing the corresponding elements in a quartz tube.

What are the types of selenide powder ?
Tongrun provides you with antimony selenide Sb2Se3, tungsten selenide WSe2, gallium selenide Ga2Se3, copper selenide Cu2Se, indium selenide In2Se3, cadmium selenide CdSe, zinc selenide ZnSe and other types of powder.

Is selenide poisonous?
Selenium is an antagonist of some toxic substances. It has the function of detoxifying heavy metals such as mercury, lead, cadmium, etc., can eliminate a variety of harmful free radicals in the body, reduce or delay the production of lipofuscin, have anti-cell aging effects, and promote the human body to iodine Absorption and organization. However, excessive intake of inorganic selenium will definitely cause toxic conditions such as hair loss and rotten nails. How to extinguish a selenide fire? When cyanide, selenide, and phosphide catch fire, you can’t use them to put out the fire, you can only use water mist or carbon dioxide to put out the fire.

Bismuth selenide: a new material leading the revolution of semiconductors
The researchers used bismuth selenide. In addition, they used a thin film deposition technique called “sputtering,” which is driven by the momentum exchange between ions and atoms in the target material. Although common in the semiconductor industry, this is the first time that sputtering technology has been used to make topological insulator materials that can be used in the semiconductor and magnetic materials industries. Nanoparticles are smaller than 6nm in the topological insulating layer produced by sputtering create new physical properties for the material-changing the behavior of electrons in the material. The researchers found that compared with existing materials, this material is 18 times more efficient in computational processing and memory.

The price of selenide powder ?
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Selenide properties Selenides are compounds containing selenium anions. Similar to sulfides, Se2- can only exist in strong alkaline solutions. In neutral solutions, it is HSe-, […]

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Use the junction of collinear nickel oxide insulators to generate spin-polarized current

Nickel oxide overview Compounds with the chemical name NiO are compounds containing nickel (II). It is the principal oxide of Nickel. Nickel oxide, a thermally stable, highly insoluble source of nickel, is suitable for applications such as glass, ceramics, and optical materials. Nickel oxide, the main nickel oxide, is a green solid. Every year, millions of kilos of nickel oxide powder (NiO) with high purity (99.999%), are produced. Oxide doesn’t conduct electricity.

Certain oxides of the perovskite structural have conductivity on the cathodes for solid oxide fuel cell and oxygen generation systems. Compounds containing one or more metal cations and at least one oxygen ion. These compounds are stable and insoluble in aqueous solution (water). They can be used for ceramic structures and even for the production of simple clay bowls to house advanced electronic devices.

Metal oxides react with acids, strong reducing substances and sputtering targets in redox reaction. Nickel oxide can be produced as powders, particles, sputtering gizmos, tablets and nanopowders. Nickel oxide can usually be obtained immediately in many cases. Nickel oxide in high purity, nanopowder and submicron forms are possible.

What uses does nickel oxide have?
Nickel oxide can be used for electrical ceramics like thermistors or varistors. As a ceramic, glass and glaze pigment, ferrite (nickelzinc ferrite), can be used.
NiO can be used for a number of professional purposes. In general, “chemical grade” is distinguished from “metallurgical quality”. Chemical grade is a relatively purified material that is used in special applications. “Metallurgical grade”, on the other hand, is used primarily to produce alloys. It is used by the ceramic industry for glass frits, ferrite, and enamel. It is used in the production of nickel steel alloys. Charles Edouard Guillaume received the 1920 Nobel Prize in Physics in recognition of his research on nickel steel alloys that he called Invar or Irenevar.

NiO, or hole transport material, is used in thin-film photovoltaic cells. NiO is also used in the manufacture of nickel-iron battery (also called Edison batteries) as well as fuel cells. It is also the precursor to many nickel-iron batteries (also known as Edison batteries) and a component of fuel cells. NiO has been used for many years to produce NiCd rechargeable battery used in electronic devices. In complementary electrochromic devices, NiO is used as anode electrode instead of tungsten dioxide (cathode electrode).

About 4,000 tons NiO of chemical grade are produced annually. Black NiO, formed from mineral acid, is the precursor to nickel sal. NiO can be used as a hydrogenation catalyst.

The reduction of nickel oxide to metallic Nickel can be achieved by heating with hydrogen or carbon. When heated to high temperatures (>700degC), nickel oxide can be combined with sodium and potassium oxides to produce corresponding nickelates.

Is nickel oxide soluble in water?
Nickel oxide dissolves in ammonium hydroxide, potassium cyanide, and acid. It is not soluble with hot or cold water and a caustic solution.

Use collinear nickel-oxide insulators in conjunction to generate spin-polarized voltage

The antiferromagnetic material has shown great promise in spintronics because it is resistant to magnetic field disturbances. It also does not produce stray fields and has a very fast dynamics. It is still very difficult to create and manipulate spin polarized currents due to the symmetry inherent in spin sublattices. The use of Nickel Oxide may help overcome the limitation.
We have constructed a prototype junction consisting of a gold-nickel-gold-gold junction, in which a collinear nickel oxide insulator can destroy the spin sublattice symmetry using an external bias voltage. A system like this demonstrates spin-polarized currents when it induces non-equivalent transmittal of spin up and spin down currents.

Zhang Xianmin said, “Due the symmetry of spin sublattice it was long believed that spin polarized current could not be achieved in collinear materials.” “Here, the bias voltage can destroy the symmetry of antiferromagnetic antiferromagnetic materials, and then induce a spin polarized current in collinear antiferromagnetic materials.”
This work provides a method to improve large resistance mismatches, which prevents spin injections from the metal electrode onto the semiconductor. It will also make it easier to combine semiconductor electronics and spintronics.
By changing the bias voltage, the team could not only adjust the amplitude but also the direction of spin polarization. The system can achieve 80% positive spin-polarization by using a bias of approximately 0.9 Volts. However, negative spin-polarization requires a voltage greater than 1.6 Volts.
Zhang hopes that his findings will pave a way for new antiferromagnetic spinning devices and plans to continue investigating the manipulation of these materials.
Nickel oxide is acidic, or alkaline.
Unless stated otherwise, the data provided on materials is at standard conditions. (25degC [77degF],100 kPa). Nickel hydroxide, also known as NiO(OH), is an inorganic chemical compound. It is an insoluble black solid that will not dissolve in any solvents. However, it can be attacked with alkalis or acids.

Is nickel oxide magnetic?
Solution-growth method is used to produce branched nanocrystals of nickel oxide with a narrow size distribution. The magnetic characterization results show that NiO Nanocrystals less than 12.8 nm in size exhibit a weak ferromagnetic phase at room temperatures due to spins which are not compensated.

UiTM electrical engineers’ innovative nickel oxide nano carnation packaging won the MTE 2020 gold award and International Merit Award.

The lecturer for electrical engineering at Teknologi MARA University Malaysia won a Gold Medal in the recent Malaysia Technology Expo. Their project is titled “Humidity Sensing Based on New Nickel-Oxide Nano-Carnation Synthesized By Low-Temperature Infusion Method”. Dr. Assoc. Mohamad Hassan Mamat was also awarded the International Merit Award at the 2020 Malaysia Technology Expo.

The present invention proposes a manufacturing method for a cheap humidity sensor that is based on nickel-oxide nanostructures. The sensor produced has excellent sensitivity for humidity or water molecules. You can manufacture sensors using the solution-immersion method at low temperatures.

MTE has been held annually in Malacca Malaysia since 2001. It is now one of the largest international invention shows. This year MTE is being managed by PROTEMP Group and University of Malacca Malaysia. SIRIM Tech Venture Sdn Bhd. It is the subsidiary of SIRIM Berhad that provides commercial service for innovations created by R&D in Malaysia. Over 500 local and foreign inventions were displayed over the course of a three-day show.

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Nickel oxide overview Compounds with the chemical name NiO are compounds containing nickel (II). It is the principal oxide of Nickel. Nickel oxide, a thermally […]

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The Properties And Preparation of Lithium Sulfide Powder

Lithium Sulfide This crystal ranges in color from white to golden. It is easy for it to absorb moisture from the atmosphere and to oxidize. It should be stored in a dry atmosphere.

Lithium Sulfide Properties:

The molecular formula for lithium is Li2S. This is a sulfide form of lithium. The molecular weight is 45.95. The crystal is white to yellow with an inverse structure of fluorite. The melting and boiling points of lithium sulfide are 938degC & 1372degC respectively.
Lithium sulfide dissolves easily in water, is soluble when mixed with ethanol, but insoluble when mixed with alkali. Lithium Sulfide could be used in lithium-ion rechargeable batteries as an electrolyte.

Lithium Sulfide absorbs air vapor and dissolves it, releasing the highly toxic gas of hydrogen sulfide. Hydrogen sulfide is released when lithium sulfide is separated with acid. Lithium can also react violently to nitric and hydrobromic acids, but only after heating. Lithium reacts slowly with concentrated acid sulfuric, but violently when it is diluted. When heated to 300degC or more in the air, lithium sulfide oxidizes by oxygen, but it does not produce sulfur dioxide. Instead, it produces lithium sulfate.

Lithium Sulfide Preparation:

You can prepare Lithium Sulfide in a number of ways.
In the old days, sulfur and lithium were heated together and then carbon or hydrogen is used to reduce the lithium sulfate while heating. This produces lithium sulfide.

The ethanol adduct from lithium hydrosulfide can be decomposed by lithium ethoxide to produce lithium sulfur.

Some people have used a reaction between lithium pentoxide, hydrogen sulfide (to prepare lithium hydrogen-sulfide), and heated lithium hydrogen-sulfide under vacuum to create lithium sulfide.

Anhydrous lithium sulfide of high quality can be made by reacting metallic Lithium with Hydrogen Sulfide in Tetrahydrofuran.

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Lithium Sulfide This crystal ranges in color from white to golden. It is easy for it to absorb moisture from the atmosphere and to oxidize. […]

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The Property And Application of Tungsten Oxide WO3 Powder

What property does tungsten dioxide have?

Tungsten oxide The chemical formula of WO3 is a powdery light yellow triclinic crystal. The tungsten dioxide crystals turn orange when the temperature exceeds 740degC. After cooling, they return to their original state. Tungsten dioxide powder is stable at air temperatures, with a melting and boiling point above 1750degC.
Tungsten Oxide is not soluble in water, nor in any inorganic acid other than hydrofluoric. In hot sodium hydroxide solution, WO3 can be dissolved with ammonia. When the temperature exceeds 650°C, it can be reduced with H2 and by C at 1000-1100°C to get tungsten.

What is the application of tungsten dioxide?

Tungsten dioxide is used in many ways every day. The tungsten oxide is commonly used in the production of industrial X-ray screen and fireproof fabrics. tungsten dioxide is used in ceramics and paints as a yellow pigment because of its high content of yellow elements.

The production of electrochromic and smart windows has used tungsten oxide. These windows are the glass with the electric switch, the performance of light transmission, and the voltage change. Users can tint their windows by changing how much heat or light is being applied. Use of high-density, inert metals is another option. In the 2008-2009 war between Israel and Gaza Strip, the use of these explosives was more prominent.

Some tungsten oxide can be used to make chemical products like paints, coatings, catalysts in the petroleum industry, etc. But tungsten dioxide is an intermediary product. A large amount of this oxide is used for metal tungsten or tungsten carbide powder, then used to manufacture metal tungsten products.

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What property does tungsten dioxide have? Tungsten oxide The chemical formula of WO3 is a powdery light yellow triclinic crystal. The tungsten dioxide crystals turn […]

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Cobalt Chromium Molybdenum

cobalt chromium molybdenum is an alloy that contains a significant proportion of chromium and tungsten. Stellite, one such type of alloy, is used in nuclear power plant piping and valve seats to hardface the seat surfaces and prevent wear. It is also used in aerospace components to withstand high temperatures and pressures. Because of its ferromagnetic properties, it is useful in producing permanent magnets. Stellite can also be activated in the neutron flux of a nuclear reactor and become cobalt-60, which has a five year half life and releases very energetic gamma rays.

The main disadvantage of these cobalt/chromium alloys is their low capacity for deformation or ductility. This is usually expressed in terms of the elongation at rupture. In order to avoid breaking they must be treated with care when bending or straightening. This is especially important when used in medical fields where they are involved in the construction of prosthetic structures and dental implants.

These materials have good corrosion resistance and can withstand abrasion. They are also very strong and have good elastic properties, even at elevated temperatures. This is especially important for medical applications where they must withstand heavy mechanical loads and constant contact with human tissue. Cobalt/chromium alloys also have smaller magnetic fields than other metals and therefore can produce fewer artifacts when scanned with MRI machines.

CoCrMo alloy powder can be made with a wide range of constituents and can be processed in many ways including laser/electronic beam additive manufacturing (SLM / EBM), powder metallurgy (PM), spraying and welding. The resulting powder has excellent batch stability, sphericity and low oxygen content and can be used in laser/electronic beam additive manufacturing of biomedical materials for dental and prosthetic structures.

cobalt chromium molybdenum is an alloy that contains a significant proportion of chromium and tungsten. Stellite, one such type of alloy, is used in nuclear […]

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Beryllium Phosphate

beryllium phosphate is a white to yellowish powder that is slightly soluble in water. It is a strong oxidising agent and can cause burns to skin and eyes.

It is highly toxic if inhaled and may be fatal if swallowed. It is a likely human carcinogen. Exposure occurs mainly in very specialised workplaces (eg mining or processing ores, alloy and chemical manufacturing with beryllium, machining metals that contain beryllium, and nuclear industries). The risk of exposure in the domestic environment is low. It may also be found in emissions from some coal-fired power stations.

The health effects of beryllium phosphate are related to how much and how long the exposure is, and a person’s present state of health. Inhalation of high levels can irritate the respiratory tract and cause beryllium pneumonitis. This can be short-term or chronic, with the latter causing cough, weight loss, weakness and death. Exposure to lower levels can irritate the skin and eyes, and some people may develop sensitisation after repeated or prolonged contact.

Engineering controls should be used to minimise inhalation and skin contact, including ensuring adequate ventilation. Where possible, gloves should be worn. If skin contact does occur, wash promptly with soap and water. In cases of overexposure, a supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece and operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode should be worn. It should be used in combination with an auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus where necessary. A medical evaluation should be made following exposure.

beryllium phosphate is a white to yellowish powder that is slightly soluble in water. It is a strong oxidising agent and can cause burns to […]

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