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Overview of Hafnium Hafnium, whose symbol is Hf is a chemical with an atomic weight of 72. Hafnium occurs in zirconium minerals and is a shiny, silver-gray transition metal. Dmitri Menedeleev predicted it’s existence in 1869. But it wasn’t discovered until 1923 by Coster and Hevesy, making it one of the last stable elements to be discovered.

There are six natural stable isotopes in hafnium, which include hafnium 180, 179, 178 and 174. Hafnium doesn’t react with dilute sulfuric and hydrochloric acids, nor does it interact with strong alkaline or dilute hydrochloric solutions. It is, however, soluble in hydrofluoric and aqua regia. This element’s name comes from Copenhagen in Latin. Hafnium’s content in the crust of the earth is 0.00045%. In nature, it is usually associated with zirconium.
Hafnium filaments and electrodes are used. Integrated circuits are used in some semiconductor manufacturing processes. These integrated circuits use oxides whose characteristic lengths are 45 nanometers or smaller. Some special-purpose superalloys contain hafnium, niobium, titanium or tungsten.

Hafnium is a material that can absorb neutrons well in the control rods used in nuclear power stations. But it also needs to be removed because it interferes with the corrosion-resistant zirconium-based alloys. What are hafnium’s Characteristics?
Hafnium has corrosion-resistant properties, is shiny and silver, malleable, and similar in chemical properties to zirconium. It also has a relativeistic effect, with the atomic radius expected to be from the fifth to first. The contraction of lanthanides nearly completely offset the expansion phase 6. Hafnium is a shiny silver malleable metal, corrosion-resistant, and has chemical properties similar to zirconium (because it shares the same number of valence electrons, but also because of its relativistic effect; the expansion of phase 6 was almost completely offset by the contraction of lanthanides).

Chemically, hafnium is very similar to zirconium. They cannot be differentiated because they undergo different reactions. Chemically, the two elements are very similar. The main differences between them are their melting and boiling points and solubility.

Hafnium makes up 5.8 parts per million of the Earth’s crust. It is not found as a pure element on Earth, but rather is solid-dissolved in natural zirconium oxides, such as ZrSiO4. Usually, Hf replaces 1-4% zirconium.

Carbonate intrusions and especially coronal polymetallic deposits at Mount Wilde, Western Australia are the main sources of zircon and hafnium ore. Hafnium can be found in rough tuff that contains zircon-hafnium ore, aluminum transparent ore, and rare zircon. This is located in the Dubbo region of New South Wales.

Hafnium reserves could be maintained less than 10 year if demand and population increase. Due to the coexistence between hafnium & zirconium in nature, hafnium may be extracted as a zirconium by-product under low demand.

Is hafnium considered a rare earth?
Hafnium, which is rare in nature, can be found at up to 5% concentration in most zirconium mineral. Hafnium is 45th on the list of most abundant elements. According to Chemical Kuhl’s study, hafnium occupies approximately 3.3 parts for every million of earth’s surface.

Is hafnium poisonous?
Hafnium does not contain any toxic substances. Hafnium is insoluble in any liquid, including water and salt solutions. Hafnium is absorbed through the lungs, skin, or eye contact. Hafnium, and its compounds can cause minor irritations of the mucous membranes, skin or eyes.

How can hafnium be used?
Hafnium works well as a neutron-absorbing material in control rods for nuclear reactors. Hafnium also serves as a vacuum tube getter. This material removes and combines gas from the vacuum tube. Hafnium alloys with iron, titanium, Niobium, and other metals.
Hafnium can be drawn in threads and is a shiny, silver metal. It is resistant to corrosion. Hafnium, a good neutron-absorbing metal, is used in the manufacture of control rods on nuclear submarines. It is also used in plasma torch because it has a very high melting temperature. The hafnium-isotope method is a new way to solve an old mystery. It can determine the origins of high quality Roman glass.
Glass is an archaeologically interesting material. Although its fragility and beauty is attractive, geochemical analysis of invisible tracers reveals more than the surface. Rome has a very large glass industry, which produces many products including drinking glasses, catering glass, window glass and stained-glass “stones” used for mosaics. The production of a high number of colorless, transparent glasses is a major achievement. These are ideal for cutting drinkers of the highest quality. It is however known that there was a significant amount of Roman colored glass made in Palestine. Archaeologists found a glass-making furnace. Egypt has never been home to a furnace of this type. From a scientific standpoint, it has been difficult to differentiate the glass made in both regions.

Aarhus University and UrbNet Assistant Professor Gry Barfod, in collaboration with AGiR at Aarhus University, have now found a way to solve the problem. Their research into Roman glass found in the Denmark/Germany Jerash Northwest Project of Jordan revealed that the isotopes of the rare metal hafnium were able to be used as a way to differentiate Egyptian from Palestinian glass.

Gry barfod said, “I hope that the hafnium system will leave fingerprints of origin on the glass sand.” Charles Lescher is a professor from Aarhus University and co-author. He said that the measurement results confirm this expectation, proving the connection between archaeology, geology, and history.

Hafnium has never been used to study ancient materials, such as glass and ceramics. Professor Ian from University College London commented, “These exciting results clearly demonstrate the potential of hafnium to explain the origin of early material.” They will, I predict, become important tools for the study of ancient economy. component.”

The Nile River is the source of the sand that covers the Mediterranean coasts of Egypt, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, and Palestine. This sand has a high amount of calcium, which makes the glass non-degradable and stable. In the Levant they produced clear glass by adding Manganese. This is good but it’s not perfect. Scientists now show that the second type Roman glass they have discovered comes from Egypt. Antimony (Sb) was added to make the glass transparent. It is therefore the most valuable of all glass.

(aka. Technology Co. Ltd., a global chemical material manufacturer and supplier with more than 12 years of experience, is a trusted source for super-high-quality chemicals. Currently, we have developed a number of materials. Hafnium is a high-purity powder with a fine particle size. It also contains low impurities. Send us an e-mail or click the desired products to Sending an inquiry .