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Sodium fluoride, a dry chemical, is used to fluoridate drinking water and toothpaste. It also is a pesticide and is in trace quantities used in certain industrial processes.
The melting point is the temperature at which enough energy is required to break the attractions between ions of an ionic compound, such as sodium fluoride, changing them from solid to liquid. This melting point is measured in degrees Celsius.
Ionic compounds have particles that are positively charged ions and negatively charged ions, which are very attracted to each other. This force is called electrostatic attraction and is the main reason why ionic compounds have different melting points.
For example, the melting point of magnesium chloride is 1400 degrees Celsius. This is because of the greater charge on the magnesium ion compared to the sodium ion in this compound.
Similarly, the melting point of sodium fluoride is higher than that of sodium chloride and sodium bromide. The reason is that the ions of the compounds have higher charges, and therefore their bonds are stronger.
The atomic weight of the ions in ionic compounds is very important when determining their melting points. The atomic weight of each ionic compound is determined by the number of atoms per mole.
For example, the atomic weight of sodium is 993 atoms per mole. This makes it a heavy ionic compound and has a higher melting point than other lighter ionic compounds like silicon. Similarly, the atomic weight of chlorine is lower than that of sodium and thus has a lower melting point.